External publications
All publications that IfM scientists have published externally are compiled here.
249 Results
External publication | 2020 Data for Mittelstand Companies in Germany at the IfM Bonn
This article presents the publicly accessible data sets of the Institute for Mittelstandsforschung (IfM) Bonn.
External publication | 2020 Times are a Changin’? The Emergence of New Firms and Rank Reshuffling
Young firms are known to grow at a faster rate than incumbents. With administrative firm data from Germany, we show that the higher growth rates indeed translate into upward mobility within the sector-specific firm size distribution.
External publication | 2020 Self-employment as a source of income inequality
It is well known that the self-employed are over-represented at the bottom as well as the top of the income distribution.
External publication | 2020 A research note on entrepreneurs’ financial commitment and crowdfunding success
Established early stage investors decide to invest in new ventures after evaluating the propensity of success and the risk of failure.
External publication | 2020 Why the self-employed are happier: Evidence from 25 European countries
Using survey data from 25 European countries, we can show that in most of the countries the self-employed are more satisfied with their jobs than employees. This paper aims to discuss the reasons why this is the case.
External publication | 2020 Contextualizing Entrepreneurship Theory
This book shows that the ongoing contextualization of entrepreneurship research should not simply generate a proliferation of unique theories – one for every context – but can instead result in better theory construction, testing

External publication, Working Papers | 2020 Geographical Contexts of Entrepreneurship: Spaces, Places and Entrepreneurial Agency
The article focuses on contexts of entrepreneurship, in particular geographical contexts, and entrepreneurial agency.
External publication | 2020 International assignments of employees and entrepreneurial intentions: the mediating role of human capital, social capital and career prospects
Little is known about the entrepreneurship intentions of employees who have been on long-term international assignments, particularly after they leave paid employment upon their return from abroad.
External publication | 2020 How to Make your Doctoral Research Relevant
Everyone wants their research to be read and to be relevant. This new guide presents a broad range of ideas for enhancing research impact and relevance.
External publication | 2020 Academic Entrepreneurship
We examine the entrepreneurial process and success by following researchers in Germany over a three year time horizon. We show that every third scientist develops a business idea.
External publication | 2020 Self-employment at the age of 65 and more – prevalence, structure and development trends, 1997-2017
In the past, the age of 65 was perceived by the population as the end point of working life and the beginning of the retirement phase so that the employment rates from this age on were very low.
External publication | 2020 Means-tested benefits for self-employed: permanent condition or intermezzo?
Sometimes not only employees but also self-employed persons get in a situation where they have to rely on means-tested benefits in addition to their earned incomes.
External publication | 2020 Context, Time, and Change: Historical Approaches to Entrepreneurship Research
History can serve as a particularly important guide for understanding entrepreneurship in moments of change.
External publication | 2020 STAX 2018 - Digitalization in tax consulting
Digitization, i.e. the use of information and communication technologies (ICT), opens up a wide range of opportunities for companies to optimize production processes.
External publication | 2020 Data-based business models - opportunities and challenges for SMEs
For digital start-ups, data often represents a production factor right from the start. For established SMEs, data-based value creation is often only possible by transforming the existing business model.
External publication | 2020 Matching founders and funders in equity crowdfunding
In recent years, equity crowdfunding has established itself as a source of financing for start-ups. Private individuals can invest in these companies with a relatively low financial commitment.
External publication | 2019 Productivity of small and medium sized enterprises in Germany
The study examines the labor productivity of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs).
External publication | 2019 Digitizing value chains: How SMEs can overcome their challenges
This paper gives some insights on how small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) are challenged by the process of digitization and a brief overview of important measures that have been put in place to support SMEs in digitizing their businesses in Germany.
External publication | 2019 The Missing Entrepreneurs 2019
The Missing Entrepreneurs 2019 is the fifth edition in a series of biennial reports that examine how public policies at national, regional and local levels can ...
External publication | 2019 Crises of SMEs: challenges, developments, and resilience of women- and migrant-led companies
This study examines the process of a business crisis of small companies of all sectors of the economy in the Frankfurt/Main (Germany) area. Particular emphasis is laid on the challenges faced by migrant- and women-led companies.